cdesktopenv/cde/doc/C/guides/usersGuide/ch01.sgm

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<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hewlett-Packard Company. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 International Business Machines Corp. -->
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<chapter id="UG.BSkls.div.1">
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.1">Basic Skills</title>
<para>This chapter provides an introduction to the Common
Desktop Environment.
</para>
<para>For information about logging in to the desktop, refer to <!--Original
XRef content: 'Chapter&numsp;2, &xd2;Starting a Desktop Session'--><xref role="ChapNumAndTitle"
linkend="UG.LogIn.mkr.1">.</para>
<informaltable id="UG.BSkls.itbl.1" frame="All">
<tgroup cols="1" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
<colspec colwidth="6.54in">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Mouse Skills2'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.BSkls.mkr.2"></para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Basic Keyboard
Skills3'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.BSkls.mkr.3"></para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Overview
of the Desktop4'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.BSkls.mkr.4"></para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Working
with Windows9'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.BSkls.mkr.5"></para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Using Workspaces16'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.BSkls.mkr.8"></para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Using Controls
in Application Windows19'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.BSkls.mkr.9"></para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Using Menus25'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.BSkls.mkr.10"></para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Leaving
the Desktop31'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.BSkls.mkr.12"></para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Getting
Help32'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.BSkls.mkr.13"></para></entry>
</row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<sect1 id="UG.BSkls.div.2">
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.2">Mouse Skills<indexterm><primary>mouse</primary>
<secondary>using</secondary></indexterm></title>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.3" role="Procedure">
<title>To Click<indexterm><primary>mouse</primary><secondary>click</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>clicking</primary></indexterm></title>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.1" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.1"></graphic>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press and release mouse button 1 without moving the mouse.
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para><?Pub Caret1>By default, mouse button 1 is the left button<indexterm>
<primary>mouse button 1</primary></indexterm>.</para>
<para>Tasks that you perform by clicking include:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Selecting a window or icon, making it <emphasis>active</emphasis>
or <emphasis>selected</emphasis></para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Choosing a button in a dialog box or a control in the Front
Panel</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Choosing a hyperlink within a help window</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.4" role="Procedure">
<title>To Double-Click<indexterm><primary>mouse</primary><secondary>double-click</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>double-clicking</primary></indexterm></title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press and release mouse button 1 twice in rapid succession,
without moving the mouse.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>Here are some tasks you perform by double-clicking:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Starting the default action for a File Manager or workspace
icon</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Restoring a window icon (displaying the whole window again)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Closing a window to remove it from the workspace&mdash;double-click
the Window menu button in the upper left corner of the window frame</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.5" role="Procedure">
<title>To Drag<indexterm><primary>mouse</primary><secondary>dragging</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>dragging</primary></indexterm></title>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.2" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.2"></graphic>
<para>To move a window or drop an icon, use the <emphasis>press-drag-release</emphasis> motion.</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Point to the window's title bar or anywhere on
the icon, press and hold mouse button 1, drag the mouse, then release the
button.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>Tasks you perform by dragging and dropping include:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Moving windows and icons on
your screen</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Moving or copying files and folders within File
Manager</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Dragging a slider within a scroll bar to scroll
the contents of a window</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Printing a file by dropping its icon on the Printer
control in the Front Panel</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.BSkls.div.6">
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.3">Basic Keyboard Skills<indexterm><primary>keyboard</primary><secondary>basic skills</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>You can perform desktop tasks using your keyboard instead of your mouse.
When you use your keyboard for desktop navigation, note the following:<indexterm>
<primary>keyboard</primary><secondary>navigation</secondary></indexterm></para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>The Alt key is the same as the
Extend char key on some keyboards<indexterm><primary>Extend char key</primary>
</indexterm></para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Return is the same as Enter on some keyboards<indexterm>
<primary>Return key</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Enter key</primary>
</indexterm></para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Pressing Esc halts most interactive operations<indexterm><primary>Esc key</primary></indexterm>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para><indexterm><primary>Style Manager</primary><secondary>Window
Behavior setting</secondary></indexterm>In Style Manager, the Window
Behavior setting must be Click In Window To Make Active (this is the default
value)<indexterm><primary>keyboard</primary><secondary>navigation and Window
Behavior setting</secondary></indexterm></para>
<para>For more information on the Window Behavior setting, refer to <!--Original
XRef content: 'Chapter&numsp;7, &xd2;Customizing the Desktop Environment'--><xref
role="ChapNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.StylM.mkr.1">.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>Keyboard focus uses the highlight to show you which element of a window,
menu, or control will respond to your input. To activate a selected menu
item or control (such as a button), press the Spacebar.</para>
<para>Here's a summary of several common keyboard operations<indexterm><primary>keyboard</primary><secondary>shortcuts</secondary></indexterm>:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>To move the highlight to the
next window: Press Alt+Tab.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>To move the keyboard highlight within a window:
Press Tab and the arrow keys (up, down, left, and right).</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>To close a window and remove it from the workspace:
Press Alt+F4.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>To minimize a window (turn it into an icon): Press
Alt+Spacebar, then N to choose Minimize from the Window menu.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>To move a window: Press Alt+Spacebar, then M to
choose Move from the Window menu. Press the arrow keys to move the window
up, down, left, or right, then press Return.</para>
<para>Hold down Control while you press an arrow key to move the window faster.<indexterm>
<primary>Control key</primary></indexterm></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>For more information about using your keyboard for desktop navigation,
refer to <!--Original XRef content: 'Appendix&numsp;A, &xd2;Keyboard Shortcuts
for the Desktop'--><xref role="AppendixNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.keysh.mkr.1">.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.BSkls.div.7">
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.4">Overview of the Desktop<indexterm><primary>desktop</primary><secondary>overview</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>To help you organize and manage your work, the desktop provides windows,
workspaces, controls, menus, and the Front Panel.</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Windows contain software applications
and are framed with controls so you can move them, size them, or place them
in additional workspaces.<indexterm><primary>desktop</primary><secondary>windows</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Workspaces are the screen areas where you place
the windows needed for your work, arrange them, and put them away when you're
done.<indexterm><primary>desktop</primary><secondary>workspaces</secondary>
</indexterm></para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Controls enable you to manipulate objects, select
choices, or type information.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Menus provide access to commands you use to manage
windows and operate applications.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>The Front Panel is a collection of frequently used
controls, available in every workspace.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>Some of the windows, icons and objects you'll encounter as you use the
desktop are:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Window icons</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>The Front Panel</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Style Manager</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>File Manager</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Application Manager</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Workspace objects</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.8">
<title>Window Icons</title>
<sidebar>
<para><graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.3" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.3"></graphic></para>
</sidebar>
<para>When you minimize a window, it becomes an icon on the workspace. Shown
here are the window icons for File Manager and Style Manager.<indexterm>
<primary>windows</primary><secondary>icons</secondary></indexterm></para>
<para>To minimize a window, click the minimize button near the upper right
corner of the window frame.</para>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.4" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.4"></graphic>
<para>To restore the window, double-click mouse button 1 on the icon. You
can also restore the window by clicking its icon to display the Window menu
and then clicking on the menu's Restore item. See <!--Original XRef content:
'&xd2;To Restore a Window from an Icon&xd3; on page&numsp;13'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum"
linkend="UG.BSkls.mkr.7"> for more information.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.9">
<title>Front Panel</title>
<para>The Front Panel is a special window at the bottom of the display. It
provides controls, indicators, and subpanels you use in your everyday work.
The Front Panel also provides the workspace switch for selecting a workspace.
</para>
<para>Many controls in the Front Panel, such as the File Manager control,
start applications when you click them. Some controls, like the Printer
control, are also drop zones. You can drag a file icon from File Manager
and drop it on the Printer control to be printed.</para>
<para>The clock is an example of an indicator.</para>
<para>Arrow buttons over Front Panel controls identify subpanels&mdash;click
an arrow button to open a subpanel.</para>
<figure>
<title>Front Panel controls</title>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.grph.1" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.5"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>For more information, see <!--Original XRef content: 'Chapter&numsp;4,
&xd2;Using the Front Panel'--><xref role="ChapNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.FrPU.mkr.1">.
</para>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.10">
<title>Style Manager</title>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.5" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.6"></graphic>
<para>Use Style Manager to easily customize many elements of the desktop
including:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Colors</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Workspace backdrops</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Font size</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Keyboard, mouse, and window behavior</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>To start Style Manager, click its Front Panel control<indexterm><primary>Style Manager</primary><secondary>starting</secondary></indexterm>.</para>
<sidebar>
<para><graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.6" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.7"></graphic></para>
</sidebar>
<para>For more information about Style Manager, see <!--Original XRef content:
'Chapter&numsp;7, &xd2;Customizing the Desktop Environment'--><xref role="ChapNumAndTitle"
linkend="UG.StylM.mkr.1">.</para>
</sect4>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.11">
<title>File Manager</title>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.7" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.8"></graphic>
<para>File Manager displays the files, folders, and applications on your system
as icons. Working with File Manager icons saves you from having to learn
complex commands.<indexterm><primary>File Manager</primary><secondary>Front
Panel control</secondary></indexterm></para>
<para>To open a File Manager view of your home folder, click the File Manager
control in the Front Panel.<indexterm><primary>File Manager</primary><secondary>opening</secondary></indexterm></para>
<sidebar>
<para><graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.8" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.9"></graphic></para>
</sidebar>
<para>For more information, see <!--Original XRef content: 'Chapter&numsp;5,
&xd2;Managing Files with File Manager'--><xref role="ChapNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.FMgr.mkr.1">.
</para>
</sect4>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.12">
<title>Application Manager</title>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.9" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.10"></graphic>
<para>Application Manager provides access to applications you use in your
everyday work through <emphasis>action icons</emphasis>. You use action
icons to start applications. Application Manager stores action icons in
special folders called <emphasis>application groups</emphasis>.<indexterm>
<primary>Application Manager</primary><secondary>Front Panel control</secondary>
</indexterm></para>
<para>You can place the action icons you use frequently on the workspace backdrop.
</para>
<sidebar>
<para><graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.10" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.11"></graphic></para>
</sidebar>
<para>To open Application Manager, click its Front Panel control.<indexterm>
<primary>Application Manager</primary><secondary>opening</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
<para>For more information, see <!--Original XRef content: 'Chapter&numsp;6,
&xd2;Running Applications from the Desktop'--><xref role="ChapNumAndTitle"
linkend="UG.UAppM.mkr.1">.</para>
</sect4>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.13">
<title>Workspace Objects</title>
<sidebar>
<para><graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.11" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.12"></graphic></para>
</sidebar>
<para>You can place the files, folders, and actions you use frequently on
the workspace backdrop as icons.<indexterm><primary>workspace objects</primary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>objects</primary><secondary>workspace</secondary>
</indexterm></para>
<para>To place an object on the workspace, drag its icon from a File Manager
or Application Manager window and drop it directly on the workspace backdrop.
</para>
<para>A workspace object is a <emphasis>reference</emphasis> to the actual
object, not a copy. The actual object remains unchanged within File Manager
or Application Manager.</para>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.BSkls.div.14">
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.5">Working with Windows</title>
<para>This section describes how to open, close, and manipulate windows in
a workspace.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.15">
<title>Window Frame Controls<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>frame controls</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>frame controls</primary></indexterm></title>
<para>A window's frame provides controls with which you can:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Focus attention on a window,
making it active for input from your mouse or keyboard. When you select a
window and it becomes active, its frame changes color.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Move a window.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Minimize a window into an icon.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Size a window.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Close a window, removing it from the desktop.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Display a window in other workspaces.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>Refer to <!--Original XRef content: 'Chapter&numsp;7, &xd2;Customizing
the Desktop
Environment'--><xref role="ChapNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.StylM.mkr.1">,
for information about settings that make windows active.</para>
<figure>
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.6">Window frame controls</title>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.grph.2" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.13"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>Click the Window menu button to display the Window menu.</para>
<para>To close a window and remove it from the desktop, double-click the Window
menu button or display the Window menu and click on Close.<indexterm><primary>Window menu button</primary></indexterm></para>
<para>Click the minimize button to turn the window into a window icon. To
restore a window from its icon, double-click the icon.<indexterm><primary>minimize button</primary></indexterm></para>
<para>Click the maximize button to display the window in its largest allowable
size. Return the window to its former size by clicking the maximize button
again<indexterm><primary>maximize button</primary></indexterm>.</para>
<para>The title bar shows the name of the application that owns the window.
Select a window by clicking its title bar. You can move a window by dragging
its title bar.<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>title bar</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>title bar</primary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>selecting</primary><secondary>a window</secondary></indexterm></para>
<para>Drag a window's resize corner or border to resize the window.<indexterm>
<primary>windows</primary><secondary>resize border</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
<para>For information on keyboard navigation and windows, see <!--Original
XRef content: '&xd2;Opening and Closing Windows'--><xref role="SectionTitle"
linkend="UG.keysh.mkr.5"> in <!--Original XRef content: 'Appendix&numsp;A,
&xd2;Keyboard Shortcuts for the Desktop'--><xref role="AppendixNumAndTitle"
linkend="UG.keysh.mkr.1">.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.16" role="Procedure">
<title>To Open an Application Window<indexterm><primary>windows</primary>
<secondary>opening</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>opening</primary>
<secondary>application windows</secondary></indexterm></title>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.17">
<title>Mouse</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Click the application's control in the Front
Panel.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>From within Application Manager,
double-click the application's icon.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>From within File Manager, choose an action for
a selected icon from the Selected menu.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>You can also select an icon in a File Manager or Application Manager
window by clicking it and then choose an action for the selected icon from
the Selected menu.</para>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.18">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<para>From the Front Panel:</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the keyboard focus to the
Front Panel.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to move the highlight within
the Front Panel and select a control.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Spacebar or Return to choose the control
and open the application's window.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>From Application Manager:</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Open the Application Manager window by choosing
its Front Panel control as described above.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to move the highlight to an
application group icon within the Application Manager window.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Return twice to open the application group.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to move the highlight to an
application or action icon, then press Return twice to start the application.
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.19" role="Procedure">
<title>To Close an Application Window<indexterm><primary>windows</primary>
<secondary>closing</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>closing</primary>
<secondary>application windows</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para><indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>removing</secondary>
</indexterm>Closing an application window removes it from all workspaces.
Closing an application is the same as quitting an application on other systems.
</para>
<caution>
<para>Before closing an application window, save your work. In most applications
you can do this by choosing Save from the File menu.</para>
</caution>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.20">
<title>Mouse</title>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Choose Close from the application's
File menu.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>, double-click the Window
menu button (in the upper left corner of the application's window).<indexterm>
<primary>Window menu button</primary></indexterm> See <!--Original XRef content:
'Figure&numsp;1&hyphen;2 on page&numsp;10'--><xref role="CodeOrFigOrTabAndPNum"
linkend="UG.BSkls.mkr.6">.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.21">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the highlight to the window
you want to close.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Alt+F4.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.22" role="Procedure">
<title>To Turn a Window into an Icon<indexterm><primary>windows</primary>
<secondary>turning into an icon</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>To save screen space, you can minimize windows into window icons. This
keeps the windows easily available and programs running in them continue
to run.<indexterm><primary>minimizing</primary><secondary>windows</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.23">
<title>Mouse</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Click the window's minimize button.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.12" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.14"></graphic>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.24">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Alt+Spacebar to display the Window menu.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Choose Minimize:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2">
<listitem><para>Press Down Arrow until you select
Minimize, then press Return.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>, press N, the menu's mnemonic
for Minimize.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.25" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.7">To Restore a Window from an Icon<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>restoring from an icon</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>icons, restoring</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>restoring</primary><secondary>windows from an icon</secondary>
</indexterm></title>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.26">
<title>Mouse</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Double-click the icon.<indexterm><primary>restoring</primary><secondary>window icon</secondary>
</indexterm>
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.27">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>With keyboard focus on the icon, press Alt+Spacebar
to display the Window
menu.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Down Arrow to select Restore, then press
Return.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.28" role="Procedure">
<title>To Move a Window or Window Icon<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>moving</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>moving</primary><secondary>windows</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>moving</primary><secondary>icons</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>icons, moving</secondary>
</indexterm></title>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.29">
<title>Mouse</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Point to the window's title bar or icon.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Drag the window or icon to its new location.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.30">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Alt+Spacebar to display the Window menu.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press M, the menu's mnemonic for Move.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to relocate the window or
icon.</para>
<para>Hold down Control while you press an arrow key to speed up the
movement of the window or icon.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>When you've moved the window or icon to where you
want it, press
Return.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>To cancel the move operation, press Esc.</para>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.31" role="Procedure">
<title>To Resize a Window<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>resizing</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>resizing</primary><secondary>windows</secondary></indexterm></title>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.32">
<title>Mouse</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Place the pointer on a window's border or corner.</para>
<para>The pointer changes to a resize arrow.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Drag the border or corner. An outline appears to
show you the window's
new size.<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>dragging</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Release the mouse button when the outline shows
the window's desired
size.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.13" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.15"></graphic>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.33">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Alt+Spacebar to display the Window menu.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press S, the menu's mnemonic for Size.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to stretch or shrink the window.</para>
<para>Hold down Control while you press an arrow key to size the window faster.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>When the outline shows the size you want, press
Return.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>To cancel the resize operation, press Esc.</para>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.34" role="Procedure">
<title>To Bring a Window or Icon Forward<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>bringing forward</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>workspaces</primary><secondary>bringing windows forward
in</secondary></indexterm></title>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.35">
<title>Mouse</title>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>To bring a window or icon to
the foreground of the workspace, click a
visible part of the window's frame or anywhere on the icon.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>To bring a concealed window or icon to the foreground,
choose Shuffle Up
from the Workspace menu.<indexterm><primary>displaying</primary><secondary>concealed windows</secondary>
</indexterm>
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.36">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>To bring the bottom window or
icon in a workspace forward, press Alt+Up
Arrow.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>To place the top window in the background, press
Alt+Down Arrow.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>To cycle through and select the windows and icons
in a workspace, press
Alt+Tab or Alt+Esc.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>To cycle through and select the windows and icons
in reverse order, press
Shift+Alt+Tab or Shift+Alt+Esc.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.37" role="Procedure">
<title>To Copy and Paste Text into Windows<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>copying and pasting text</secondary>
</indexterm></title>
<para>Copying and pasting eliminates the need to retype text.</para>
<para>You can copy from and paste text into:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Text fields</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Terminal emulator windows</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Text Editor windows</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Mailer Compose windows</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>You can also copy text from a Mailer message view and a Help Viewer
window
and paste it into Text Editor, terminal emulator, and Mailer Compose windows.<indexterm><primary>text</primary><secondary>copying and pasting among windows</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.38">
<title>Selecting the Text To Be Copied<indexterm><primary>text</primary><secondary>selecting</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>selecting</primary><secondary>text</secondary></indexterm></title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Move the pointer to the start of the text to
be pasted.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Drag to the end of the text to be pasted, then
release the mouse button,
leaving the text highlighted.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.39">
<title>Pasting Text<indexterm><primary>text</primary><secondary>pasting</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>pasting</primary><secondary>text</secondary></indexterm></title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Place the text insertion cursor in the target
location.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Click mouse button 2 to paste the text.<indexterm><primary>mouse button 2</primary></indexterm>
</para>
<para>To deselect text, click in an empty area of the window that has the
text
selected, or press Esc.<indexterm><primary>text</primary><secondary>deselecting</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>deselecting text</primary></indexterm>
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>For related information, refer to:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Chapter&numsp;3,
&xd2;Getting Help'--><xref role="ChapNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.1">
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Chapter&numsp;10, &xd2;Using
Text Editor'--><xref role="ChapNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.TextE.mkr.1">
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Chapter&numsp;12, &xd2;Using
Terminal'--><xref role="ChapNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.1">
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.BSkls.div.40">
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.8">Using Workspaces</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>desktop</primary><secondary>workspaces</secondary>
</indexterm>Workspaces are like separate screens of windows. To help organize
your
desktop, you can place specific applications in a particular workspace and
name that workspace accordingly. For example, a workspace you've named
Reports could contain the tools you use to prepare reports, such as a
spreadsheet, desktop publisher, and graphics applications. You might set up
other workspaces according to your projects.</para>
<para>This section describes how to display workspaces, place windows in specific
workspaces, and rename workspaces.</para>
<para>For information about using your keyboard for desktop navigation, refer
to
<!--Original XRef content: 'Appendix&numsp;A, &xd2;Keyboard Shortcuts for
the Desktop'--><xref role="AppendixNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.keysh.mkr.1">.
</para>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.41" role="Procedure">
<title>To Display Another Workspace<indexterm><primary>workspaces</primary><secondary>displaying</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>displaying</primary><secondary>workspaces</secondary>
</indexterm></title>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.42">
<title>Mouse</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Click the workspace's button in the workspace
switch of the Front Panel.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.14" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.16"></graphic>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.43">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab until the keyboard focus, as shown
by the highlight, is on the
Front Panel.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to move the highlight to the
button for the workspace
you want to display.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Return.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.44" role="Procedure">
<title>To Place a Window in Other<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>placing in other workspaces</secondary></indexterm>
Workspaces<indexterm><primary>workspaces</primary><secondary>placing windows in</secondary>
</indexterm></title>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.45">
<title>Mouse</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Click the Window menu button.</para>
<para>The Window menu appears.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Choose Occupy Workspace from the Window menu.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>In the Workspaces list of the Occupy Workspace
dialog box, select the
workspaces in which you want the window to appear.<indexterm><primary>Occupy Workspace dialog box</primary></indexterm>
</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2">
<listitem><para>To select more than one contiguous
workspace name in the list, hold down
Shift while you click.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>To select discontiguous workspace names in the
list, hold down Control
while you click.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Click on a selected workspace to deselect it.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>To place the window in every workspace, click the
All Workspaces button.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Click OK.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.46">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>To display the Window menu, press Alt+Spacebar.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press the Down Arrow key to select Occupy Workspace,
then press Return.</para>
<para>The Occupy Workspace dialog box appears.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Tab until the keyboard focus, as shown by
the highlight, is in the
Workspaces list.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Select the workspaces in which you want the window
to appear:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2">
<listitem><para>Press Down Arrow or Up Arrow
to move through the list.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>To select more than one workspace, press Shift+Down
Arrow or Shift+Up
Arrow.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Return.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.47" role="Procedure">
<title>To Rename a Workspace<indexterm><primary>workspaces</primary><secondary>renaming</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>renaming</primary><secondary>workspaces</secondary></indexterm></title>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.48">
<title>Mouse</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Click the Front Panel button for the workspace
whose name you want to
change.</para>
<para>That workspace is displayed.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Click the workspace's Front Panel button again.</para>
<para>The button becomes a text field.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Edit the workspace's name in the text field.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Once you've renamed the workspace, press Return.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.49">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab until the keyboard focus, as shown
by the highlight, is on the
Front Panel.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to move the highlight to the
button for the workspace
you want to rename.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Shift+F10 to display the workspace button's
pop-up menu.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press the Down Arrow key to select the Rename item,
then press Return.</para>
<para>The button becomes a text field.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Edit the workspace's name in the text field.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Once you've renamed the workspace, press Return.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.BSkls.div.50">
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.9">Using Controls in Application Windows</title>
<para>Windows and dialog boxes contain controls that help you work with
applications. You use controls to manipulate objects, select choices, or type
information.</para>
<para>This section describes various types of controls you'll come across
while using
the desktop. Here's a list of the most common controls:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para><emphasis>Buttons</emphasis>
initiate commands, start actions, or specify options and settings.
Types of buttons include push buttons and radio buttons.<indexterm><primary>buttons</primary><secondary>types of</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para><emphasis>Check boxes</emphasis> specify options
and settings.<indexterm><primary>check boxes</primary></indexterm>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para><emphasis>Text fields</emphasis> provide areas
where you can type information.<indexterm><primary>text fields</primary></indexterm>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para><emphasis>Lists</emphasis> display a scrollable
list of choices from which you can select<indexterm><primary>lists</primary><secondary>scrollable</secondary></indexterm>
.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para><emphasis>Sliders</emphasis> provide incremental
selection from a range of values.<indexterm><primary>sliders</primary></indexterm>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para><emphasis>Scroll bars</emphasis> enable you to
scroll through a window's contents</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.51" role="Procedure">
<title>To Choose a Push Button<indexterm><primary>push buttons</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>choosing</primary><secondary>push buttons</secondary>
</indexterm></title>
<para>Choosing a push button immediately performs the associated command or
action. For example, choosing an OK button applies any changes made to a
dialog box then closes it.</para>
<para>As a shortcut, many dialog boxes automatically give focus to the OK
button so
that you can quickly specify settings and then press Return to choose OK.<indexterm><primary>OK button</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>buttons</primary><secondary>OK</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.15" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.17"></graphic>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.52">
<title>Mouse</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Click the button.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.53">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Tab and the arrow keys until the button
has the keyboard focus, as
shown by the highlight.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Return.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.54" role="Procedure">
<title>To Select a Check Box or Radio Button<indexterm><primary>buttons</primary><secondary>check box</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>buttons</primary><secondary>radio</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>radio buttons</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>check boxes</primary></indexterm></title>
<para><indexterm><primary>selecting</primary><secondary>check boxes</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>selecting</primary><secondary>radio buttons</secondary>
</indexterm>You select a check box to specify an option or setting. You can
select more than
one check box in a group.</para>
<para>You also use a radio button to specify an option or setting, but only
one radio
button in a group can be selected at a time.</para>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.16" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.18"></graphic>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.55">
<title>Mouse</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Click the check box or radio button you want
to select.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.56">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Tab and the arrow keys until the check
box or radio button has the
keyboard focus, as shown by the highlight.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press the Spacebar.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.57" role="Procedure">
<title>To Scroll the Contents of a Window<indexterm><primary>scrolling</primary><secondary>window contents</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>scrolling</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>Windows often contain more information than you can see at one time.
Use a
window's scroll bar to bring the window's contents into view.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.58">
<title>Mouse</title>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.17" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.19"></graphic>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.59">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Tab to move to the window area you want
to scroll.<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>scroll bar</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press the arrow keys, or Prev and Next, or Page
Up and Page Down.<indexterm><primary>Prev key</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Next key</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Page Up key</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Page Down key</primary></indexterm>
</para>
<para>Hold down Control while you press an arrow key to scroll faster.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>To use a slider:<indexterm><primary>sliders</primary></indexterm>
</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Tab or an arrow key to move the highlight
to the slider.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Up Arrow or Down Arrow to move the slider.</para>
<para>Hold down Control while you press an arrow key to move the slider faster.
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.60" role="Procedure">
<title>To Select a List Item<indexterm><primary>selecting</primary><secondary>list items</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>lists</primary><secondary>selecting items in</secondary>
</indexterm></title>
<para>A selected list item becomes highlighted. The highlighted item is acted
upon
when you click a button, such as OK.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.61">
<title>Mouse</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Click the list item.</para>
<para>In a multiple-selection list, hold down Shift while you click the items.
</para>
<para>To deselect an item, click it again.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Click a button, such as OK.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>In some lists, double-clicking an item selects the item and chooses
the default
command.</para>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.18" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.20"></graphic>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.62">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Tab to move to the list.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Select the list item:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2">
<listitem><para>In a single-selection list,
use the arrow keys to reach your choice.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>In a multiple-selection list, use the arrow keys
to reach your first selection,
then press Shift+Up Arrow or Shift+Down Arrow.</para>
<para>To deselect an item, press the Spacebar.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Tab to move to a button, such as OK or Apply,
then press Return.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.63" role="Procedure">
<title>To Enter Text into an Empty Field<indexterm><primary>entering</primary>
<secondary>text in a text field</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>text</primary><secondary>entering in a field</secondary></indexterm></title>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.19" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.21"></graphic>
<para>A text field accepts information you type.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.64">
<title>Mouse</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Click the field to display the text insertion
cursor.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Type the text.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>In many dialog boxes, pressing Return completes the text entry and activates
the default button, such as OK or Apply.</para>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.65">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Tab, Shift+Tab, or the arrow keys until
you reach the text field.</para>
<para>A blinking cursor indicates that the text field has the keyboard focus.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Type the text, then press Control+Tab to move keyboard
focus out of the text field.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.66" role="Procedure">
<title>To Edit Text in a Field<indexterm><primary>text</primary><secondary>editing in a field</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>editing</primary>
<secondary>text fields</secondary></indexterm></title>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.67">
<title>Mouse</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Select the text in the field to edit:<indexterm><primary>text</primary><secondary>selecting</secondary></indexterm></para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="100*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="356*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Characters</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Drag from the first character to the
last character<indexterm><primary>text</primary><secondary>selecting characters</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>text</primary><secondary>selecting
words</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>text</primary><secondary>selecting lines</secondary></indexterm></para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Word</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Double-click the word</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Line</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Triple-click the line</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Multiline</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Quadruple-click the field</para></entry>
</row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<para>To deselect text, click an empty area in the window.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Type the replacement text.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.68">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Tab, Shift+Tab, or the arrow keys until
you reach the field.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Use the editing keys to edit the field's contents,
then type the replacement text.</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="1.98in">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="3.81in">
<thead>
<row><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para>Editing key</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para>Function</para></entry></row></thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Arrow key</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Move the text insertion cursor</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Backspace</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Delete the character to the left of
the cursor<indexterm><primary>Backspace key</primary></indexterm></para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Delete or Delete char</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Delete the character to the right of
the cursor<indexterm><primary>text</primary><secondary>deleting</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>deleting</primary><secondary>text in a field</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Delete key</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Delete char key</primary></indexterm>
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Control+Delete (Control+Remove)
<emphasis>or</emphasis> Control+Delete char</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Delete from the cursor to the end of
the line</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<para>Note that not all vendors' keyboards supply these keys.
Please see your local vendor's documentation for alternate key bindings.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Control+Tab to move keyboard focus out of
the text field.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.BSkls.div.69">
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.10">Using Menus<indexterm><primary>menus</primary>
<secondary>using</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>Menus provide access to commands you use to manage windows and operate
software applications.</para>
<para>Choosing a menu item performs an associated action on the currently
selected object. For example, when you select a window and choose Minimize
from its Window menu, the window becomes an icon.</para>
<para>Menu items that appear dimmed are available only under certain conditions.
For example, the Window menu's Restore item is available only when the window
is an icon.</para>
<para>Menus you'll use on the desktop include:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Menus that you &ldquo;pull
down&rdquo; from an application's menu bar by clicking the menu's name or
typing Alt and its <symbol role="Variable">mnemonic</symbol>. A mnemonic is
an underlined character in a menu or item name.<indexterm><primary>menus</primary><secondary>mnemonics</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>mnemonics, menu</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>displaying</primary>
<secondary>pull-down menus</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>pull-down
menus, displaying</primary></indexterm></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.20" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.22"></graphic>
<para>An application's File menu is shown here.</para>
<para>The sequence of keys listed to the right of some items is called a <emphasis>shortcut</emphasis> <symbol role="Variable">key</symbol>. Typing mnemonics
and shortcut keys gives you quick keyboard access to menu items.<indexterm>
<primary>shortcut keys</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>menus</primary>
<secondary>shortcut keys</secondary></indexterm></para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Menus that &ldquo;pop up&rdquo;
when you click mouse button 3 (or press Shift+F10) in an application window
or on a workspace object.<indexterm><primary>mouse button 3</primary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>displaying</primary><secondary>pop-up menus</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>pop-up menus</primary><secondary>displaying</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.21" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.23"></graphic>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.70">
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.11">Window Menu<indexterm><primary>Window menu</primary>
<secondary>items</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>menus</primary>
<secondary>Window</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>Use Window menu items to control windows and window icons.</para>
<para>This menu is displayed when you:<indexterm><primary>Window menu</primary>
<secondary>displaying</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>displaying</primary><secondary>Window menu</secondary></indexterm></para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Click the Window menu button
in the upper left corner of a window<indexterm><primary>Window menu button</primary></indexterm></para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Click on a window icon</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Alt+Spacebar with the keyboard focus on a
window or window icon</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.22" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.24"></graphic>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="2.06in">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="3.73in">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Restore</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Turns an icon back into a window</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Move</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Changes the window's location</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Size</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Changes the size of the window (inactive
for icons)</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Minimize</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Turns the window into an icon</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Maximize</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Enlarges the window to its greatest
allowable size</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Lower</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Moves the window to the background
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Occupy Workspace</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Use to select the workspaces in which
you want the window to appear</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Occupy All Workspaces</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Displays the window in all workspaces
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Close</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Closes the window, removing it from
the workspace</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.71">
<title>Workspace Menu<indexterm><primary>Workspace menu</primary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>menus</primary><secondary>Workspace</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>The Workspace menu is a pop-up menu that contains items for managing
the workspace.</para>
<para>To display the Workspace menu, click mouse button 3 on the workspace
backdrop.<indexterm><primary>displaying</primary><secondary>Workspace menu</secondary></indexterm></para>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.23" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.25"></graphic>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="1.77in">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="4.27in">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Shuffle Up</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Brings the bottom window (in a stack
of windows) forward</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Shuffle Down</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Puts the top window (in a stack of
windows) in the background</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Refresh</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Repaints the display<indexterm><primary>refreshing the display</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>display</primary>
<secondary>refreshing</secondary></indexterm></para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Minimize/Restore Front Panel</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Turns the Front Panel into an icon
or restores the Front Panel from its icon</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Restart Workspace Manager</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Stops then restarts the Workspace Manager
(typically used after you have customized configuration files)</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Log out</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Begins the logout process (equivalent
to the Front Panel Exit control)</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<note>
<para>You cannot access this menu through your keyboard.</para>
</note>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.72" role="Procedure">
<title>To Choose a Window Menu Item<indexterm><primary>choosing</primary>
<secondary>Window menu items</secondary></indexterm></title>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.73">
<title>Mouse</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press mouse button 1 over the Window menu button
or icon, drag to the item, then release the mouse button.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>:</para>
<para>1. Click the Window menu button to display the menu.</para>
<para>If the window is an icon, click the icon.</para>
<para>2. Click a menu item.</para>
<para>To close the menu without choosing an item, click anywhere other than
the menu.</para>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.74">
<title>Keyboard</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab until you've placed the keyboard
focus, as shown by the highlight, on the window or window icon.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Alt+Spacebar to display the Window menu.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press the key for the item's mnemonic, the underlined
character in the item name.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>To close the menu without choosing an item, press Esc.</para>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.75" role="Procedure">
<title>To Choose a Workspace Menu Item<indexterm><primary>choosing</primary>
<secondary>Workspace menu items</secondary></indexterm></title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Move the pointer over the workspace backdrop.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press mouse button 3, drag to the item, then release
the mouse button.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>To close the menu without choosing an item, move the pointer away from
the menu and click.</para>
<note>
<para>You cannot choose a Workspace menu item through your keyboard.</para>
</note>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.76" role="Procedure">
<title>To Choose a Menu Item with the Mouse<indexterm><primary>mouse</primary>
<secondary>choosing a menu item</secondary></indexterm></title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Display the menu:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2">
<listitem><para>Pull-down (menu bar) menu: Using
mouse button 1, click the menu name.<indexterm><primary>pull-down menus,
displaying</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>displaying</primary>
<secondary>pull-down menus</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Pop-up menu: Click mouse button 3 inside the application.<indexterm><primary>displaying</primary><secondary>pop-up menus</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>pop-up menus</primary><secondary>displaying</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Object's pop-up menu: Click the object with mouse
button 3.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Click the item.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>You can also choose a menu item by pressing the mouse button, dragging
to the item, then releasing the mouse button.</para>
<para>To close a menu without choosing an item, move the pointer away from
the menu and click.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.77" role="Procedure">
<title>To Choose a Menu Item with the Keyboard<indexterm><primary>keyboard</primary><secondary>choosing menu items with</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>choosing</primary><secondary>menu items</secondary></indexterm></title>
<sect3 id="UG.BSkls.div.78">
<title>Pull-down Menus</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab until you've placed the keyboard
focus, as shown by the highlight, on the application window.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Display the menu by holding down Alt and then pressing
the key for the menu's mnemonic (the underlined character in the menu's name
as shown in the menu bar).</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press the key for the item's mnemonic.</para>
<para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>, press an arrow key to move to the item, then
press Return.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<sect4 id="UG.BSkls.div.79">
<title>Pop-up Menus</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab until the keyboard focus is on
the application window or workspace object.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press Shift+F10 to display the pop-up menu.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press the key for the item's mnemonic.</para>
<para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>, press Down Arrow to move to the item, then
press Return.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>To close a menu without choosing an item, press Esc.</para>
<para>For more information about using your keyboard for desktop navigation,
refer to <!--Original XRef content: 'Appendix&numsp;A, &xd2;Keyboard Shortcuts
for
the Desktop'--><xref role="AppendixNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.keysh.mkr.1">.
</para>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.BSkls.div.80">
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.12">Leaving the Desktop<indexterm><primary>desktop</primary><secondary>logging out</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>desktop</primary><secondary>exiting</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>This section describes how to log out of and exit the desktop, and how
to lock your display to prevent unauthorized use of your system when you
are away from it and have not logged out.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.81" role="Procedure">
<title>To Log Out<indexterm><primary>logging out</primary></indexterm></title>
<caution>
<para>Before logging out of the desktop, save your work in all open application
windows. Remember to check each workspace.</para>
</caution>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Click the Exit control in the
Front Panel.<indexterm><primary>Exit control</primary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>Exit control</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.24" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.26"></graphic>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>, choose
Log out from the Workspace menu:</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Move the pointer over the workspace backdrop.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Press mouse button 3 to display the Workspace menu.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Drag to choose Log out, then release the mouse
button.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<note>
<para>You cannot display the Workspace menu using your keyboard.</para>
</note>
<para>As you log out of the desktop, your current session is saved. When you
log back in, the desktop will appear as it did before you logged out.<indexterm>
<primary>desktop</primary><secondary>current session</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>current session</primary></indexterm></para>
<para>Applications that do not get saved as part of the current session include:
</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Applications that you run in
terminal emulator windows</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Non-desktop applications that do not preserve their
state during logout</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>You'll need to restart these applications when you log in. For more
information, see <!--Original XRef content: 'Chapter&numsp;2, &xd2;Starting
a Desktop Session'--><xref role="ChapNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.LogIn.mkr.1">.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.82" role="Procedure">
<title>To Lock Your Display<indexterm><primary>locking the display</primary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>display</primary><secondary>locking</secondary>
</indexterm></title>
<para>To prevent unauthorized use of your system when you are away from it
and have not logged out:</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Click the Lock control in the Front Panel.<indexterm><primary>Lock control</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary>
<secondary>Lock control</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.25" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.27"></graphic>
<para>To unlock your display, type your password.<indexterm><primary>unlocking
the display</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>display</primary><secondary>unlocking</secondary></indexterm></para>
<para>For information about screen lock options, refer to <!--Original XRef
content: 'Chapter&numsp;7, &xd2;Customizing the Desktop Environment'--><xref
role="ChapNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.StylM.mkr.1">.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
 <sect1 id="UG.BSkls.div.83">
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.13">Getting Help<indexterm><primary>desktop</primary>
<secondary>help</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>displaying</primary>
<secondary>help</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>help</primary>
<secondary>displaying</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>online help</primary><secondary>displaying</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>You can request help by:<indexterm><primary>choosing</primary><secondary>help</secondary></indexterm></para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem><para>Pressing F1 or the Help key<indexterm><primary>F1 key</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Help
key</primary></indexterm>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Choosing an item from an application's Help menu</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Clicking the Help button in a dialog box</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Opening the Help Manager to browse all the available
help</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>For more information on using help, refer to <!--Original XRef content:
'Chapter&numsp;3, &xd2;Getting Help'--><xref role="ChapNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.1">.
</para>
<para>The quickest and easiest way to get help is to press the F1 key. When
you press F1, the application you are using displays the help topic most
closely related to your current activity.</para>
<para>Some keyboards have a dedicated Help key that may take the place of
the F1 key.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.84">
<title>Help Menu</title>
<para>Most applications have a Help menu for requesting specific kinds of
help.<indexterm><primary>Help menu</primary></indexterm></para>
<sidebar>
<para><graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.26" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.28"></graphic></para>
</sidebar>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="100*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="356*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry><para>Overview</para></entry>
<entry><para>Displays introductory information about the application</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><para>Tasks</para></entry>
<entry><para>Displays instructions for using the application</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><para>Reference</para></entry>
<entry><para>Displays summary information about application components</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><para>On Item</para></entry>
<entry><para>Changes the pointer to a question mark. Click the question mark
pointer on an item to display its description<indexterm><primary>question
mark pointer</primary></indexterm></para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry><para>Using Help</para></entry>
<entry><para>Displays information about using Help</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry><para>About ...</para></entry>
<entry><para>Displays version and copyright information about the application
(in this case, Text Editor)</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<para>To learn more about using help windows, choose Using Help from an application's
Help menu. Or, you can press F1 while using a Help window.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.85" role="Procedure">
<title>To Display the Help Manager</title>
<para>The Help Manager lists all the online help volumes installed on your
system.</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Click the Information Manager subpanel on the Front Panel.
</para>
<sidebar>
<para><graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.27" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.29"></graphic></para>
</sidebar>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Click Help Manager.</para>
<para>The Help Viewer opens, displaying the Help Manager.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Choose the Common Desktop Environment topic to display the
list of help volumes for the desktop.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Browse the list of titles. To open a volume, click its title.
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.BSkls.div.90">
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.90">Getting Information<indexterm><primary>desktop</primary>
<secondary>information</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>displaying</primary>
<secondary>information</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>information</primary>
<secondary>displaying</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>online documentation</primary><secondary>displaying</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>
The Information Manager allows you to browse and search large collections
of online documents containing graphics and hypertext links. These collections
are referred to as "information libraries". An information library
consists of a collection of book cases, each of which contains a
collection of books.
</para>
<sidebar>
<para><graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.28" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.30"></graphic></para>
</sidebar>
<para>
You can access online documentation by:
<indexterm><primary>choosing</primary><secondary>information</secondary></indexterm></para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1">
<listitem>
<para>Dragging an Information Library icon from the desktop to
the Information Manager control in the Front Panel
</para>
<sidebar>
<para><graphic id="UG.BSkls.igrph.29" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.31"></graphic></para>
</sidebar>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Clicking the Information Manger icon in the Application Manager window
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Clicking Information Manager in the Information Manager subpanel
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Opening the Information Manager
from the Front Panel</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>For details on the Information Manager, select topics from the Information Manager's
Help menu or use the Information Manager itself to access the
<emphasis>CDE Information Manager User's Guide</emphasis>.
</para>
<sect2 id="UG.BSkls.div.91">
<title>To Display the Information Manager</title>
<para>The Information Manager lists all the information libraries available
on your system.</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Click the Information Manager control in the Front Panel.
</para>
<para>The Information Manager Book List window opens, displaying the information
libraries.</para>
<figure>
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.BLW1">Book List window</title>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.grph.30" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.32"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>Information libraries are arranged hierarchically so
that you progress from larger to smaller pieces of information.
The hierarchy consists of book cases (groups of books), books, chapters, and sections.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>To open any item in the hierarchy, click the right arrow next to it. The
item opens and displays the items it contains.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>To close an item (chapter, book, book case), click the down arrow
next to it.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>To browse a section of a book, double click on the
section's name.
</para>
<para>The Reading window opens, displaying the contents of the selected section.
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<figure>
<title id="UG.BSkls.mkr.RW1">Reading window</title>
<graphic id="UG.BSkls.grph.31" entityref="UG.BSkls.fig.33"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>With a section displayed, you can move backwards or forwards to
earlier or later sections. By clicking on hypertext links
(shown bold and underlined), you can move to other
locations in the book.
</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
</chapter>
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