719 lines
20 KiB
C
719 lines
20 KiB
C
/*
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* QEMU disk image utility
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*
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* Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
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*
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* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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*
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* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
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* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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*
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* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
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* THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
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* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
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* THE SOFTWARE.
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*/
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#include "qemu-common.h"
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#include "block_int.h"
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#include <assert.h>
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#ifdef _WIN32
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#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
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#include <windows.h>
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#endif
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static void __attribute__((noreturn)) error(const char *fmt, ...)
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{
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va_list ap;
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va_start(ap, fmt);
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fprintf(stderr, "qemu-img: ");
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vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
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fprintf(stderr, "\n");
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exit(1);
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va_end(ap);
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}
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static void format_print(void *opaque, const char *name)
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{
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printf(" %s", name);
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}
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static void help(void)
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{
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printf("qemu-img version " QEMU_VERSION ", Copyright (c) 2004-2008 Fabrice Bellard\n"
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"usage: qemu-img command [command options]\n"
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"QEMU disk image utility\n"
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"\n"
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"Command syntax:\n"
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" create [-e] [-6] [-b base_image] [-f fmt] filename [size]\n"
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" commit [-f fmt] filename\n"
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" convert [-c] [-e] [-6] [-f fmt] [-O output_fmt] filename [filename2 [...]] output_filename\n"
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" info [-f fmt] filename\n"
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"\n"
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"Command parameters:\n"
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" 'filename' is a disk image filename\n"
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" 'base_image' is the read-only disk image which is used as base for a copy on\n"
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" write image; the copy on write image only stores the modified data\n"
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" 'fmt' is the disk image format. It is guessed automatically in most cases\n"
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" 'size' is the disk image size in kilobytes. Optional suffixes 'M' (megabyte)\n"
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" and 'G' (gigabyte) are supported\n"
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" 'output_filename' is the destination disk image filename\n"
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" 'output_fmt' is the destination format\n"
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" '-c' indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)\n"
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" '-e' indicates that the target image must be encrypted (qcow format only)\n"
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" '-6' indicates that the target image must use compatibility level 6 (vmdk format only)\n"
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);
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printf("\nSupported format:");
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bdrv_iterate_format(format_print, NULL);
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printf("\n");
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exit(1);
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}
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#if defined(WIN32)
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/* XXX: put correct support for win32 */
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static int read_password(char *buf, int buf_size)
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{
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int c, i;
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printf("Password: ");
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fflush(stdout);
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i = 0;
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for(;;) {
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c = getchar();
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if (c == '\n')
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break;
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if (i < (buf_size - 1))
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buf[i++] = c;
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}
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buf[i] = '\0';
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return 0;
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}
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#else
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#include <termios.h>
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static struct termios oldtty;
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static void term_exit(void)
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{
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tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &oldtty);
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}
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static void term_init(void)
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{
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struct termios tty;
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tcgetattr (0, &tty);
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oldtty = tty;
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tty.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK|BRKINT|PARMRK|ISTRIP
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|INLCR|IGNCR|ICRNL|IXON);
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tty.c_oflag |= OPOST;
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tty.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO|ECHONL|ICANON|IEXTEN);
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tty.c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE|PARENB);
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tty.c_cflag |= CS8;
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tty.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
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tty.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
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tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &tty);
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atexit(term_exit);
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}
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static int read_password(char *buf, int buf_size)
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{
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uint8_t ch;
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int i, ret;
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printf("password: ");
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fflush(stdout);
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term_init();
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i = 0;
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for(;;) {
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ret = read(0, &ch, 1);
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if (ret == -1) {
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if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR) {
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continue;
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} else {
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ret = -1;
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break;
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}
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} else if (ret == 0) {
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ret = -1;
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break;
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} else {
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if (ch == '\r') {
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ret = 0;
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break;
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}
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if (i < (buf_size - 1))
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buf[i++] = ch;
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}
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}
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term_exit();
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buf[i] = '\0';
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printf("\n");
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return ret;
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}
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#endif
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static BlockDriverState *bdrv_new_open(const char *filename,
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const char *fmt)
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{
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BlockDriverState *bs;
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BlockDriver *drv;
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char password[256];
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bs = bdrv_new("");
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if (!bs)
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error("Not enough memory");
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if (fmt) {
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drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
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if (!drv)
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error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
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} else {
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drv = NULL;
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}
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if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) {
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error("Could not open '%s'", filename);
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}
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if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs)) {
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printf("Disk image '%s' is encrypted.\n", filename);
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if (read_password(password, sizeof(password)) < 0)
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error("No password given");
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if (bdrv_set_key(bs, password) < 0)
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error("invalid password");
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}
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return bs;
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}
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static int img_create(int argc, char **argv)
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{
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int c, ret, flags;
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const char *fmt = "raw";
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const char *filename;
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const char *base_filename = NULL;
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uint64_t size;
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const char *p;
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BlockDriver *drv;
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flags = 0;
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for(;;) {
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c = getopt(argc, argv, "b:f:he6");
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if (c == -1)
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break;
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switch(c) {
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case 'h':
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help();
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break;
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case 'b':
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base_filename = optarg;
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break;
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case 'f':
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fmt = optarg;
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break;
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case 'e':
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flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT;
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break;
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case '6':
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flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6;
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break;
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}
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}
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if (optind >= argc)
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help();
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filename = argv[optind++];
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size = 0;
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if (base_filename) {
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BlockDriverState *bs;
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bs = bdrv_new_open(base_filename, NULL);
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bdrv_get_geometry(bs, &size);
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size *= 512;
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bdrv_delete(bs);
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} else {
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if (optind >= argc)
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help();
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p = argv[optind];
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size = strtoul(p, (char **)&p, 0);
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if (*p == 'M') {
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size *= 1024 * 1024;
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} else if (*p == 'G') {
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size *= 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
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} else if (*p == 'k' || *p == 'K' || *p == '\0') {
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size *= 1024;
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} else {
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help();
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}
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}
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drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
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if (!drv)
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error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
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printf("Formatting '%s', fmt=%s",
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filename, fmt);
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if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT)
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printf(", encrypted");
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if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6)
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printf(", compatibility level=6");
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if (base_filename) {
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printf(", backing_file=%s",
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base_filename);
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}
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printf(", size=%" PRIu64 " kB\n", size / 1024);
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ret = bdrv_create(drv, filename, size / 512, base_filename, flags);
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if (ret < 0) {
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if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
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error("Formatting or formatting option not supported for file format '%s'", fmt);
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} else {
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error("Error while formatting");
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}
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}
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return 0;
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}
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static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv)
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{
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int c, ret;
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const char *filename, *fmt;
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BlockDriver *drv;
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BlockDriverState *bs;
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fmt = NULL;
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for(;;) {
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c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:h");
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if (c == -1)
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break;
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switch(c) {
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case 'h':
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help();
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break;
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case 'f':
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fmt = optarg;
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break;
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}
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}
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if (optind >= argc)
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help();
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filename = argv[optind++];
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bs = bdrv_new("");
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if (!bs)
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error("Not enough memory");
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if (fmt) {
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drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
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if (!drv)
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error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
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} else {
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drv = NULL;
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}
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if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) {
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error("Could not open '%s'", filename);
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}
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ret = bdrv_commit(bs);
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switch(ret) {
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case 0:
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printf("Image committed.\n");
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break;
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case -ENOENT:
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error("No disk inserted");
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break;
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case -EACCES:
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error("Image is read-only");
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break;
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case -ENOTSUP:
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error("Image is already committed");
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break;
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default:
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error("Error while committing image");
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break;
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}
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bdrv_delete(bs);
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return 0;
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}
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static int is_not_zero(const uint8_t *sector, int len)
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{
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int i;
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len >>= 2;
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for(i = 0;i < len; i++) {
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if (((uint32_t *)sector)[i] != 0)
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return 1;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum)
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{
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int v, i;
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if (n <= 0) {
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*pnum = 0;
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return 0;
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}
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v = is_not_zero(buf, 512);
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for(i = 1; i < n; i++) {
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buf += 512;
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if (v != is_not_zero(buf, 512))
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break;
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}
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*pnum = i;
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return v;
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}
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#define IO_BUF_SIZE 65536
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static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
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{
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int c, ret, n, n1, bs_n, bs_i, flags, cluster_size, cluster_sectors;
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const char *fmt, *out_fmt, *out_filename;
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BlockDriver *drv;
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BlockDriverState **bs, *out_bs;
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int64_t total_sectors, nb_sectors, sector_num, bs_offset;
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uint64_t bs_sectors;
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uint8_t buf[IO_BUF_SIZE];
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const uint8_t *buf1;
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BlockDriverInfo bdi;
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fmt = NULL;
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out_fmt = "raw";
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flags = 0;
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for(;;) {
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c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:O:hce6");
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if (c == -1)
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break;
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switch(c) {
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case 'h':
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help();
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break;
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case 'f':
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fmt = optarg;
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break;
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case 'O':
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out_fmt = optarg;
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break;
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case 'c':
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flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_COMPRESS;
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break;
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case 'e':
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flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT;
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break;
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case '6':
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flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6;
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break;
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}
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}
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bs_n = argc - optind - 1;
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if (bs_n < 1) help();
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out_filename = argv[argc - 1];
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bs = calloc(bs_n, sizeof(BlockDriverState *));
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if (!bs)
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error("Out of memory");
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total_sectors = 0;
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for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < bs_n; bs_i++) {
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bs[bs_i] = bdrv_new_open(argv[optind + bs_i], fmt);
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if (!bs[bs_i])
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error("Could not open '%s'", argv[optind + bs_i]);
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bdrv_get_geometry(bs[bs_i], &bs_sectors);
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total_sectors += bs_sectors;
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}
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drv = bdrv_find_format(out_fmt);
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if (!drv)
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error("Unknown file format '%s'", out_fmt);
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if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPRESS && drv != &bdrv_qcow && drv != &bdrv_qcow2)
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error("Compression not supported for this file format");
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if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT && drv != &bdrv_qcow && drv != &bdrv_qcow2)
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error("Encryption not supported for this file format");
|
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if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6 && drv != &bdrv_vmdk)
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error("Alternative compatibility level not supported for this file format");
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if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT && flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPRESS)
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error("Compression and encryption not supported at the same time");
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ret = bdrv_create(drv, out_filename, total_sectors, NULL, flags);
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if (ret < 0) {
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if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
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error("Formatting not supported for file format '%s'", fmt);
|
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} else {
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error("Error while formatting '%s'", out_filename);
|
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}
|
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}
|
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|
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out_bs = bdrv_new_open(out_filename, out_fmt);
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|
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bs_i = 0;
|
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bs_offset = 0;
|
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bdrv_get_geometry(bs[0], &bs_sectors);
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|
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if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPRESS) {
|
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if (bdrv_get_info(out_bs, &bdi) < 0)
|
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error("could not get block driver info");
|
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cluster_size = bdi.cluster_size;
|
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if (cluster_size <= 0 || cluster_size > IO_BUF_SIZE)
|
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error("invalid cluster size");
|
|
cluster_sectors = cluster_size >> 9;
|
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sector_num = 0;
|
|
for(;;) {
|
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int64_t bs_num;
|
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int remainder;
|
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uint8_t *buf2;
|
|
|
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nb_sectors = total_sectors - sector_num;
|
|
if (nb_sectors <= 0)
|
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break;
|
|
if (nb_sectors >= cluster_sectors)
|
|
n = cluster_sectors;
|
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else
|
|
n = nb_sectors;
|
|
|
|
bs_num = sector_num - bs_offset;
|
|
assert (bs_num >= 0);
|
|
remainder = n;
|
|
buf2 = buf;
|
|
while (remainder > 0) {
|
|
int nlow;
|
|
while (bs_num == bs_sectors) {
|
|
bs_i++;
|
|
assert (bs_i < bs_n);
|
|
bs_offset += bs_sectors;
|
|
bdrv_get_geometry(bs[bs_i], &bs_sectors);
|
|
bs_num = 0;
|
|
/* printf("changing part: sector_num=%lld, "
|
|
"bs_i=%d, bs_offset=%lld, bs_sectors=%lld\n",
|
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sector_num, bs_i, bs_offset, bs_sectors); */
|
|
}
|
|
assert (bs_num < bs_sectors);
|
|
|
|
nlow = (remainder > bs_sectors - bs_num) ? bs_sectors - bs_num : remainder;
|
|
|
|
if (bdrv_read(bs[bs_i], bs_num, buf2, nlow) < 0)
|
|
error("error while reading");
|
|
|
|
buf2 += nlow * 512;
|
|
bs_num += nlow;
|
|
|
|
remainder -= nlow;
|
|
}
|
|
assert (remainder == 0);
|
|
|
|
if (n < cluster_sectors)
|
|
memset(buf + n * 512, 0, cluster_size - n * 512);
|
|
if (is_not_zero(buf, cluster_size)) {
|
|
if (bdrv_write_compressed(out_bs, sector_num, buf,
|
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cluster_sectors) != 0)
|
|
error("error while compressing sector %" PRId64,
|
|
sector_num);
|
|
}
|
|
sector_num += n;
|
|
}
|
|
/* signal EOF to align */
|
|
bdrv_write_compressed(out_bs, 0, NULL, 0);
|
|
} else {
|
|
sector_num = 0;
|
|
for(;;) {
|
|
nb_sectors = total_sectors - sector_num;
|
|
if (nb_sectors <= 0)
|
|
break;
|
|
if (nb_sectors >= (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512))
|
|
n = (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512);
|
|
else
|
|
n = nb_sectors;
|
|
|
|
while (sector_num - bs_offset >= bs_sectors) {
|
|
bs_i ++;
|
|
assert (bs_i < bs_n);
|
|
bs_offset += bs_sectors;
|
|
bdrv_get_geometry(bs[bs_i], &bs_sectors);
|
|
/* printf("changing part: sector_num=%lld, bs_i=%d, "
|
|
"bs_offset=%lld, bs_sectors=%lld\n",
|
|
sector_num, bs_i, bs_offset, bs_sectors); */
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (n > bs_offset + bs_sectors - sector_num)
|
|
n = bs_offset + bs_sectors - sector_num;
|
|
|
|
if (bdrv_read(bs[bs_i], sector_num - bs_offset, buf, n) < 0)
|
|
error("error while reading");
|
|
/* NOTE: at the same time we convert, we do not write zero
|
|
sectors to have a chance to compress the image. Ideally, we
|
|
should add a specific call to have the info to go faster */
|
|
buf1 = buf;
|
|
while (n > 0) {
|
|
if (is_allocated_sectors(buf1, n, &n1)) {
|
|
if (bdrv_write(out_bs, sector_num, buf1, n1) < 0)
|
|
error("error while writing");
|
|
}
|
|
sector_num += n1;
|
|
n -= n1;
|
|
buf1 += n1 * 512;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
bdrv_delete(out_bs);
|
|
for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < bs_n; bs_i++)
|
|
bdrv_delete(bs[bs_i]);
|
|
free(bs);
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
#ifdef _WIN32
|
|
static int64_t get_allocated_file_size(const char *filename)
|
|
{
|
|
typedef DWORD (WINAPI * get_compressed_t)(const char *filename, DWORD *high);
|
|
get_compressed_t get_compressed;
|
|
struct _stati64 st;
|
|
|
|
/* WinNT support GetCompressedFileSize to determine allocate size */
|
|
get_compressed = (get_compressed_t) GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle("kernel32"), "GetCompressedFileSizeA");
|
|
if (get_compressed) {
|
|
DWORD high, low;
|
|
low = get_compressed(filename, &high);
|
|
if (low != 0xFFFFFFFFlu || GetLastError() == NO_ERROR)
|
|
return (((int64_t) high) << 32) + low;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (_stati64(filename, &st) < 0)
|
|
return -1;
|
|
return st.st_size;
|
|
}
|
|
#else
|
|
static int64_t get_allocated_file_size(const char *filename)
|
|
{
|
|
struct stat st;
|
|
if (stat(filename, &st) < 0)
|
|
return -1;
|
|
return (int64_t)st.st_blocks * 512;
|
|
}
|
|
#endif
|
|
|
|
static void dump_snapshots(BlockDriverState *bs)
|
|
{
|
|
QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn_tab, *sn;
|
|
int nb_sns, i;
|
|
char buf[256];
|
|
|
|
nb_sns = bdrv_snapshot_list(bs, &sn_tab);
|
|
if (nb_sns <= 0)
|
|
return;
|
|
printf("Snapshot list:\n");
|
|
printf("%s\n", bdrv_snapshot_dump(buf, sizeof(buf), NULL));
|
|
for(i = 0; i < nb_sns; i++) {
|
|
sn = &sn_tab[i];
|
|
printf("%s\n", bdrv_snapshot_dump(buf, sizeof(buf), sn));
|
|
}
|
|
qemu_free(sn_tab);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static int img_info(int argc, char **argv)
|
|
{
|
|
int c;
|
|
const char *filename, *fmt;
|
|
BlockDriver *drv;
|
|
BlockDriverState *bs;
|
|
char fmt_name[128], size_buf[128], dsize_buf[128];
|
|
uint64_t total_sectors;
|
|
int64_t allocated_size;
|
|
char backing_filename[1024];
|
|
char backing_filename2[1024];
|
|
BlockDriverInfo bdi;
|
|
|
|
fmt = NULL;
|
|
for(;;) {
|
|
c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:h");
|
|
if (c == -1)
|
|
break;
|
|
switch(c) {
|
|
case 'h':
|
|
help();
|
|
break;
|
|
case 'f':
|
|
fmt = optarg;
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if (optind >= argc)
|
|
help();
|
|
filename = argv[optind++];
|
|
|
|
bs = bdrv_new("");
|
|
if (!bs)
|
|
error("Not enough memory");
|
|
if (fmt) {
|
|
drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
|
|
if (!drv)
|
|
error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
|
|
} else {
|
|
drv = NULL;
|
|
}
|
|
if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) {
|
|
error("Could not open '%s'", filename);
|
|
}
|
|
bdrv_get_format(bs, fmt_name, sizeof(fmt_name));
|
|
bdrv_get_geometry(bs, &total_sectors);
|
|
get_human_readable_size(size_buf, sizeof(size_buf), total_sectors * 512);
|
|
allocated_size = get_allocated_file_size(filename);
|
|
if (allocated_size < 0)
|
|
sprintf(dsize_buf, "unavailable");
|
|
else
|
|
get_human_readable_size(dsize_buf, sizeof(dsize_buf),
|
|
allocated_size);
|
|
printf("image: %s\n"
|
|
"file format: %s\n"
|
|
"virtual size: %s (%" PRId64 " bytes)\n"
|
|
"disk size: %s\n",
|
|
filename, fmt_name, size_buf,
|
|
(total_sectors * 512),
|
|
dsize_buf);
|
|
if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs))
|
|
printf("encrypted: yes\n");
|
|
if (bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi) >= 0) {
|
|
if (bdi.cluster_size != 0)
|
|
printf("cluster_size: %d\n", bdi.cluster_size);
|
|
}
|
|
bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs, backing_filename, sizeof(backing_filename));
|
|
if (backing_filename[0] != '\0') {
|
|
path_combine(backing_filename2, sizeof(backing_filename2),
|
|
filename, backing_filename);
|
|
printf("backing file: %s (actual path: %s)\n",
|
|
backing_filename,
|
|
backing_filename2);
|
|
}
|
|
dump_snapshots(bs);
|
|
bdrv_delete(bs);
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int main(int argc, char **argv)
|
|
{
|
|
const char *cmd;
|
|
|
|
bdrv_init();
|
|
if (argc < 2)
|
|
help();
|
|
cmd = argv[1];
|
|
optind++;
|
|
if (!strcmp(cmd, "create")) {
|
|
img_create(argc, argv);
|
|
} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "commit")) {
|
|
img_commit(argc, argv);
|
|
} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "convert")) {
|
|
img_convert(argc, argv);
|
|
} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "info")) {
|
|
img_info(argc, argv);
|
|
} else {
|
|
help();
|
|
}
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|